# Copyright 2004-2026 Tom Rothamel <pytom@bishoujo.us>
#
# Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person
# obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files
# (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction,
# including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge,
# publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software,
# and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so,
# subject to the following conditions:
#
# The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
# included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
#
# THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
# EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
# MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND
# NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE
# LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION
# OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
# WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.

# The Character object (and friends).

from __future__ import division, absolute_import, with_statement, print_function, unicode_literals
from renpy.compat import PY2, basestring, bchr, bord, chr, open, pystr, range, round, str, tobytes, unicode  # *

from typing import Any, Literal

import renpy

import re
import os
import collections

# This matches the dialogue-relevant text tags.
TAG_RE = re.compile(r"(\{\{)|(\{(p|w|nw|fast|done)(?:\=([^}]*))?\})", re.S)

less_pauses = "RENPY_LESS_PAUSES" in os.environ


class Callbacks(object):
    """
    This stores and calls the character callbacks.
    """

    def __init__(self, callbacks, interact, type, cb_args, multiple):
        self.callbacks = callbacks
        self.interact = interact
        self.type = type
        self.cb_args = cb_args
        self.multiple = multiple  # type: tuple[int, int]|None

        self.what = None  # type: str|None
        self.start = None  # type: int|None
        self.end = None  # type: int|None
        self.delay = None  # type: float|None
        self.last_segment = None  # type: bool|None

    def __call__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        if not self.callbacks:
            return

        kwargs["type"] = self.type
        kwargs["interact"] = self.interact

        if renpy.config.character_callback_compat is None:
            if self.what is not None:
                kwargs["what"] = self.what

            if self.start is not None:
                kwargs["start"] = self.start

            if self.end is not None:
                kwargs["end"] = self.end

            if self.delay is not None:
                kwargs["delay"] = self.delay

            if self.last_segment is not None:
                kwargs["last_segment"] = self.last_segment

            if self.multiple is not None:
                kwargs["multiple"] = self.multiple

            kwargs["please_ignore_unknown_keyword_arguments"] = None

        kwargs.update(self.cb_args)

        for c in self.callbacks:
            c(*args, **kwargs)

    def copy(self):
        rv = Callbacks(self.callbacks, self.interact, self.type, self.cb_args, self.multiple)
        rv.__dict__.update(self.__dict__)
        return rv


class DialogueTextTags(object):
    """
    This object parses the text tags that only make sense in dialogue,
    like {fast}, {p}, {w}, and {nw}.
    """

    def __init__(self, s):
        # The text that we've accumulated, not including any tags.
        self.text = ""

        # The index in the produced string where each pause starts.
        self.pause_start = [0]

        # The index in the produced string where the afm text starts.
        self.afm_start = [0]

        # The index in the produced string where each pause ends.
        self.pause_end = []

        # The time to delay for each pause. None to delay forever.
        self.pause_delay = []

        # True if we've encountered the no-wait tag.
        self.no_wait = False

        # Does this statement have a done tag?
        self.has_done = False

        # Does this statement have a fast tag?
        self.fast = False

        i = iter(TAG_RE.split(s))

        while True:
            try:
                self.text += next(i)

                quoted = next(i)
                full_tag = next(i)
                tag = next(i)
                value = next(i)

                if value is not None:
                    value = float(value)

                if quoted is not None:
                    self.text += quoted
                    continue

                if tag == "p" or tag == "w":
                    if not less_pauses:
                        self.pause_start.append(len(self.text))
                        self.afm_start.append(len(self.text))
                        self.pause_end.append(len(self.text))
                        self.pause_delay.append(value)

                elif tag == "nw":
                    self.no_wait = True

                    if value is not None and not less_pauses:
                        self.pause_start.append(len(self.text))
                        self.afm_start.append(len(self.text))
                        self.pause_end.append(len(self.text))
                        self.pause_delay.append(value)

                elif tag == "fast":
                    self.pause_start = [len(self.text)]
                    if self.no_wait:
                        self.afm_start = [self.afm_start[-1]]
                    else:
                        self.afm_start = [len(self.text)]
                    self.pause_end = []
                    self.pause_delay = []
                    self.no_wait = False
                    self.fast = True

                elif tag == "done":
                    self.has_done = True
                    self.text += full_tag
                    break

                self.text += full_tag

            except StopIteration:
                break

        self.pause_end.append(len(self.text))

        while True:
            try:
                self.text += next(i)

                quoted = next(i)
                full_tag = next(i)
                tag = next(i)
                value = next(i)

                if quoted is not None:
                    self.text += quoted
                    continue

                self.text += full_tag

            except StopIteration:
                break

        if self.no_wait:
            self.pause_delay.append(0)
        else:
            self.pause_delay.append(None)


class CTCPauseHolder(renpy.display.displayable.Displayable):
    def __init__(self, ctc):
        renpy.display.displayable.Displayable.__init__(self)

        self.ctc = ctc
        self._duplicatable = ctc._duplicatable
        self.rtl = False

    def set_rtl(self, rtl):
        if rtl != self.rtl:
            self.rtl = rtl
            renpy.display.render.invalidate(self)

    def render(self, width, height, st, at):
        cr = renpy.display.render.render(self.ctc, width, height, st, at)
        rv = renpy.display.render.Render(0, cr.height)

        if self.rtl:
            rv.place(self.ctc, x=-cr.width, y=0, render=cr)
        else:
            rv.place(self.ctc, x=0, y=0, render=cr)

        return rv

    def visit(self):
        return [self.ctc]

    def _duplicate(self, args):
        if self.ctc._duplicatable:
            return CTCPauseHolder(self.ctc._duplicate(args))
        else:
            return self

    def get_position(self):
        return self.ctc.get_position()


def predict_show_display_say(
    who,
    what,
    who_args,
    what_args,
    window_args,
    image=False,
    two_window=False,
    side_image=None,
    screen=None,
    properties=None,
    **kwargs,
):
    """
    This is the default function used by Character to predict images that
    will be used by show_display_say. It's called with more-or-less the
    same parameters as show_display_say, and it's expected to return a
    list of images used by show_display_say.
    """

    if side_image:
        renpy.easy.predict(side_image)

    if renpy.store._side_image_attributes:
        renpy.easy.predict(renpy.display.image.ImageReference(("side",) + renpy.store._side_image_attributes))

    if image:
        if image != "<Dynamic>":
            renpy.easy.predict(who)

        kwargs["image"] = image

    if screen:
        props = compute_widget_properties(who_args, what_args, window_args, properties)

        renpy.display.predict.screen(
            screen, _widget_properties=props, who=who, what=what, two_window=two_window, side_image=side_image, **kwargs
        )

        return


def compute_widget_properties(who_args, what_args, window_args, properties, variant=None, multiple=None):
    """
    Computes and returns the widget properties.
    """

    def style_args(d, name):
        style = d.get("style", None)

        if style is None:
            if multiple is None:
                return d
            else:
                style = name

        in_rollback = renpy.exports.in_rollback()

        if (not in_rollback) and (not variant) and (not multiple):
            return d

        d = d.copy()

        if isinstance(style, str):
            if multiple is not None:
                style = "block{}_multiple{}_{}".format(multiple[0], multiple[1], style)

            style = getattr(renpy.store.style, style)

            if variant is not None:
                style = style[variant]

            if in_rollback:
                style = style["rollback"]

        d["style"] = style

        return d

    who_args = style_args(who_args, "who")
    what_args = style_args(what_args, "what")
    window_args = style_args(window_args, "window")

    rv = dict(properties)

    for prefix in renpy.config.character_id_prefixes:
        rv[prefix] = style_args(properties.get(prefix, {}), prefix)

    rv["window"] = window_args
    rv["what"] = what_args
    rv["who"] = who_args

    return rv


def show_display_say(
    who,
    what,
    who_args={},
    what_args={},
    window_args={},
    image=False,
    side_image=None,
    two_window=False,
    two_window_vbox_properties={},
    who_window_properties={},
    say_vbox_properties={},
    transform=None,
    variant=None,
    screen=None,
    layer=None,
    properties={},
    multiple=None,
    retain=None,
    **kwargs,
):
    """
    This is called (by default) by renpy.display_say to add the
    widgets corresponding to a screen of dialogue to the user. It is
    not expected to be called by the user, but instead to be called by
    display_say, or by a function passed as the show_function argument
    to Character or display_say.

    @param who: The name of the character that is speaking, or None to
    not show this name to the user.

    @param what: What that character is saying. Please note that this
    may not be a string, as it can also be a list containing both text
    and displayables, suitable for use as the first argument of ui.text().

    @param who_args: Additional keyword arguments intended to be
    supplied to the ui.text that creates the who widget of this dialogue.

    @param what_args: Additional keyword arguments intended to be
    supplied to the ui.text that creates the what widget of this dialogue.

    @param window_args: Additional keyword arguments intended to be
    supplied to the ui.window that creates the who widget of this
    dialogue.

    @param image: If True, then who should be interpreted as an image
    or displayable rather than a text string.

    @param kwargs: Additional keyword arguments should be ignored.

    `retain`
        If not None, the screen should be retained (not transient),
        and the screen should be given the value of this argument as
        its tag.

    This function is required to return the ui.text() widget
    displaying the what text.
    """

    props = compute_widget_properties(who_args, what_args, window_args, properties, variant=variant, multiple=multiple)

    def handle_who():
        if who:
            if image:
                renpy.ui.add(renpy.display.im.image(who, loose=True, **props["who"]))  # type: ignore
            else:
                renpy.ui.text(who, **who_args)

    def merge_style(style, properties):
        if isinstance(style, str):
            style = getattr(renpy.store.style, style)

        if variant is not None:
            style = style[variant]

        if renpy.exports.in_rollback():
            style = style["rollback"]

        rv = dict(style=style)
        rv.update(properties)
        return rv

    if screen and renpy.display.screen.has_screen(screen):
        if layer is None:
            layer = renpy.config.say_layer

        tag = screen

        if retain:
            tag = retain

        elif multiple:
            if renpy.display.screen.has_screen("multiple_" + screen):
                screen = "multiple_" + screen
                kwargs["multiple"] = multiple

            tag = "block{}_multiple{}_{}".format(multiple[0], multiple[1], tag)

        if image:
            kwargs["image"] = image

        if (side_image is not None) or renpy.config.old_say_args:
            kwargs["side_image"] = side_image

        if two_window or renpy.config.old_say_args:
            kwargs["two_window"] = two_window

        renpy.display.screen.show_screen(
            screen,
            _widget_properties=props,
            _transient=not retain,
            _tag=tag,
            who=who,
            what=what,
            _layer=layer,
            **kwargs,
        )

        renpy.exports.shown_window()

        return (tag, "what", layer)

    # Apply the transform.
    if transform:
        renpy.ui.at(transform)

    if two_window:
        # Opens say_two_window_vbox.
        renpy.ui.vbox(**merge_style("say_two_window_vbox", two_window_vbox_properties))

        renpy.ui.window(**merge_style("say_who_window", who_window_properties))
        handle_who()

    renpy.ui.window(**props["window"])  # type: ignore
    # Opens the say_vbox.
    renpy.ui.vbox(**merge_style("say_vbox", say_vbox_properties))

    if not two_window:
        handle_who()

    rv = renpy.ui.text(what, **props["what"])  # type: ignore

    # Closes the say_vbox.
    renpy.ui.close()

    if two_window:
        # Closes the say_two_window_vbox.
        renpy.ui.close()

    if side_image:
        renpy.ui.image(side_image)

    renpy.exports.shown_window()

    return rv


class SlowDone(object):
    delay = None
    ctc_kwargs = {}
    last_pause = True
    no_wait = False

    # The screen tag that is in use.
    screen_tag = None

    # The screen layer that is in use.
    screen_layer = None

    def __init__(self, ctc, ctc_position, callback, interact, type, cb_args, delay, ctc_kwargs, last_pause, no_wait):
        self.ctc = ctc
        self.ctc_position = ctc_position
        self.callback = callback
        self.interact = interact
        self.type = type
        self.cb_args = cb_args
        self.delay = delay
        self.ctc_kwargs = ctc_kwargs
        self.last_pause = last_pause
        self.no_wait = no_wait

    def __call__(self):
        if self.interact and self.delay != 0:
            if self.ctc and self.ctc_position == "screen-variable":
                try:
                    renpy.exports.set_screen_variable("ctc", self.ctc, self.screen_tag, self.screen_layer)
                except Exception:
                    pass
                renpy.exports.restart_interaction()

            elif renpy.display.screen.has_screen("ctc"):
                if self.ctc:
                    args = [self.ctc]
                else:
                    args = []

                renpy.display.screen.show_screen(
                    "ctc", *args, _transient=True, _ignore_extra_kwargs=True, **self.ctc_kwargs
                )
                renpy.exports.restart_interaction()

            elif self.ctc and self.ctc_position == "fixed":
                renpy.display.screen.show_screen("_ctc", _transient=True, ctc=self.ctc)
                renpy.exports.restart_interaction()

        if self.delay is not None:
            renpy.ui.pausebehavior(
                self.delay, True, voice=self.last_pause and not self.no_wait, self_voicing=self.last_pause
            )
            renpy.exports.restart_interaction()

        self.callback("slow_done")


# This is a queue for text that's going to be passed to the say behavior to
# set the AFM info.
afm_text_queue = []


def display_say(
    who,
    what,
    show_function,
    interact,
    slow,
    afm,
    ctc,
    ctc_pause,
    ctc_position,
    all_at_once,
    cb_args,
    with_none,
    callback,
    type,
    checkpoint=True,
    ctc_timedpause=None,
    ctc_force=False,
    advance=True,
    multiple=None,
    dtt=None,
    retain=False,
):
    global afm_text_queue

    # Final is true if this statement should perform an interaction.

    if multiple is None:
        final = interact

        afm_text_queue = []

    else:
        step, total = multiple

        if step == 1:
            afm_text_queue = []

        if step == total:
            final = interact
        else:
            final = False
            interact = False

    if not final:
        advance = False

    if (
        final
        and (not renpy.game.preferences.skip_unseen)
        and (not renpy.game.context().seen_current(True))
        and renpy.config.skipping == "fast"
    ):  # type: ignore
        renpy.config.skipping = None

    # If we're in fast skipping mode, don't bother with say
    # statements at all.
    if advance and renpy.config.skipping == "fast":
        for i in renpy.config.fast_skipping_callbacks:
            i()

        # Clears out transients.
        renpy.exports.with_statement(None)

        renpy.exports.checkpoint(True, hard=checkpoint)

        return

    # If we're not interacting, call the noniteractive_callbacks.
    if interact is False:
        for i in renpy.config.nointeract_callbacks:
            i()

    # Figure out the callback(s) we want to use.
    if callback is None:
        if renpy.config.character_callback:
            callback = [renpy.config.character_callback]
        else:
            callback = []

    if not isinstance(callback, list):
        callback = [callback]

    callback = renpy.config.all_character_callbacks + callback
    callback = Callbacks(callback, interact, type, cb_args, multiple)

    roll_forward = renpy.exports.roll_forward_info()

    if roll_forward is True:
        roll_forward = False

    # If we're just after a rollback or roll_forward, disable slow.
    after_rollback = renpy.game.after_rollback
    if after_rollback:
        slow = False
        all_at_once = True

    # If we're committed to skipping this statement, disable slow.
    elif (
        renpy.config.skipping
        and advance
        and (
            renpy.game.preferences.skip_unseen  # type: ignore
            or renpy.game.context().seen_current(True)
        )
    ):
        slow = False
        all_at_once = True

    # Figure out which pause we're on. (Or set the pause to None in
    # order to put us in all-at-once mode.)
    if not interact or renpy.game.preferences.self_voicing:  # type: ignore
        all_at_once = True

    if dtt is None:
        dtt = DialogueTextTags(what)

    if all_at_once:
        afm_starts = [ dtt.afm_start[0] ]
        pause_start = [dtt.pause_start[0]]
        pause_end = [dtt.pause_end[-1]]
        pause_delay = [dtt.pause_delay[-1]]
    else:
        afm_starts = dtt.afm_start
        pause_start = dtt.pause_start
        pause_end = dtt.pause_end
        pause_delay = dtt.pause_delay

    exception = None

    retain_tag = "_retain_0"
    retain_count = -1

    if retain:
        while True:
            retain_count += 1
            retain_tag = "_retain_{}".format(retain_count)

            if not renpy.exports.get_screen(retain_tag, renpy.store.bubble.retain_layer):
                break

    # Call the begin callback.
    callback.what = dtt.text
    callback("begin")

    if dtt.fast:
        for i in renpy.config.say_sustain_callbacks:
            i()

    try:
        for i, (afm_start, start, end, delay) in enumerate(zip(afm_starts, pause_start, pause_end, pause_delay)):
            # True if the is the last pause in a line of dialogue.
            last_pause = i == len(pause_start) - 1

            # Create a callback object specific to this pause.
            pause_callback = callback.copy()
            pause_callback.start = start
            pause_callback.end = end
            pause_callback.delay = delay
            pause_callback.last_segment = last_pause

            # If we're going to do an interaction, then saybehavior needs
            # to be here.
            if advance:
                behavior = renpy.ui.saybehavior(allow_dismiss=renpy.config.say_allow_dismiss, dialogue_pause=delay)
            else:
                behavior = None

            # The string to show.
            what_string = dtt.text

            # Figure out the CTC to use, if any.
            if last_pause:
                what_ctc = ctc
                ctc_kind = "last"
            else:
                if delay is not None:
                    what_ctc = ctc_timedpause or ctc_pause
                    ctc_kind = "timedpause"
                else:
                    what_ctc = ctc_pause
                    ctc_kind = "pause"

            ctc_kwargs = {
                "ctc_kind": ctc_kind,
                "ctc_last": ctc,
                "ctc_pause": ctc_pause,
                "ctc_timedpause": ctc_timedpause,
            }

            if not (interact or ctc_force):
                what_ctc = None

            what_ctc = renpy.easy.displayable_or_none(what_ctc)
            ctc = renpy.easy.displayable_or_none(ctc)

            if (what_ctc is not None) and what_ctc._duplicatable:
                what_ctc = what_ctc._duplicate(None)
                what_ctc._unique()

            if ctc is not what_ctc:
                if (ctc is not None) and ctc._duplicatable:
                    ctc = ctc._duplicate(None)
                    ctc._unique()

            # Run the show callback.
            pause_callback("show")

            # Create the callback that is called when the slow text is done.
            slow_done = SlowDone(
                what_ctc,
                ctc_position,
                pause_callback,
                interact,
                type,
                cb_args,
                delay,
                ctc_kwargs,
                last_pause,
                dtt.no_wait,
            )

            extend_text = ""

            # Predict extend statements, and add them to the text so that re-layout
            # is not required.
            if renpy.config.scry_extend:
                scry = renpy.exports.scry()

                if scry is not None:
                    scry = scry.next()
                scry_count = 0

                while scry and scry_count < 64:
                    if scry.extend_text is renpy.ast.DoesNotExtend:
                        break
                    elif scry.extend_text is not None:
                        try:
                            extend_text += renpy.substitutions.substitute(
                                scry.extend_text, scope=None, force=False, translate=True
                            )[0]
                        except Exception:
                            pass

                    scry = scry.next()
                    scry_count += 1

                if extend_text:
                    extend_text = "{done}" + extend_text

                    if last_pause and ctc_pause:
                        what_ctc = ctc_pause  # show ctc_pause when using extend

            # Show the text.

            show_args = {}

            if multiple:
                show_args["multiple"] = multiple

            if retain and last_pause:
                show_args["retain"] = retain_tag

            what_text = show_function(who, what_string, **show_args)

            # What text is (screen, id, layer) tuple if we're using a screen.
            if isinstance(what_text, tuple):
                # If this is not the first pause, set the transform event to "replace".
                if i != 0 and renpy.config.say_replace_event:
                    screen_displayable = renpy.display.screen.get_screen(what_text[0], what_text[2])
                    if screen_displayable is not None:
                        screen_displayable.set_transform_event("replace")

                        if not retain and not last_pause:
                            sls = renpy.game.context().scene_lists
                            sls.set_transient_prefix(what_text[2], what_text[0], "replaced")

                slow_done.screen_tag = what_text[0]
                slow_done.screen_layer = what_text[2]

                what_text = renpy.display.screen.get_widget(what_text[0], what_text[1], what_text[2])

            if not multiple:
                afm_text_queue = [what_text]
            else:
                afm_text_queue.append(what_text)

            if delay == 0:
                what_ctc = None
                if not extend_text:
                    ctc = None

            if interact or what_string or (what_ctc is not None) or (behavior and afm):
                if not isinstance(what_text, renpy.text.text.Text):
                    raise Exception("The say screen (or show_function) must return a Text object.")

                if what_ctc:
                    if ctc_position == "nestled" or ctc_position == "nestled-close":
                        what_ctc = CTCPauseHolder(what_ctc)

                    if ctc_position == "nestled":
                        what_text.set_ctc(what_ctc)
                    elif ctc_position == "nestled-close":
                        what_text.set_ctc([
                            "\ufeff",
                            what_ctc,
                        ])

                if what_text.text[0] == what_string:
                    if extend_text:
                        what_text.text[0] += extend_text

                    # Update the properties of the what_text widget.
                    what_text.afm_start = afm_start
                    what_text.start = start
                    what_text.end = end
                    what_text.slow = slow
                    what_text.slow_done = slow_done

                    what_text.update()

                elif renpy.config.developer:
                    raise Exception(
                        "The displayable with id 'what' was not given the exact contents of the what variable given to the say screen."
                    )

                if behavior and afm:
                    behavior.set_text(*afm_text_queue)

            else:
                slow = False

            pause_callback("show_done")

            if not slow:
                slow_done()

            had_exception = False

            if final:
                try:
                    rv = renpy.ui.interact(mouse="say", type=type, roll_forward=roll_forward)
                except Exception as e:
                    had_exception = True
                    raise
                finally:

                    pause_callback("interact_done", exception=had_exception)

                    if retain and what_ctc:
                        if ctc_position == "nestled":
                            what_text.set_ctc(["{_end}", what_ctc])
                        elif ctc_position == "nestled-close":
                            what_text.set_ctc([
                                "{_end}",
                                "\ufeff",
                                what_ctc,
                            ])
                        elif ctc_position == "screen-variable":
                            try:
                                renpy.exports.set_screen_variable(
                                    "ctc", None, slow_done.screen_tag, slow_done.screen_layer
                                )
                            except Exception:
                                pass

                # This is only the case if the user has rolled forward, {nw} happens, or
                # maybe in some other obscure cases.
                if rv is False:
                    break

                if isinstance(rv, (renpy.game.JumpException, renpy.game.CallException)):
                    raise rv

                if not last_pause:
                    for i in renpy.config.say_sustain_callbacks:
                        i()



    except (renpy.game.JumpException, renpy.game.CallException) as e:
        exception = e

    # Do the checkpoint and with None.
    if final:
        if not dtt.no_wait:
            if exception is None:
                renpy.exports.checkpoint(True, hard=checkpoint)
            else:
                renpy.exports.checkpoint(exception)

        else:
            renpy.game.after_rollback = after_rollback

        if with_none is None:
            with_none = renpy.config.implicit_with_none

        renpy.plog(1, "before with none")

        if with_none:
            renpy.game.interface.do_with(None, None)

        renpy.plog(1, "after with none")

    callback("end")

    if exception is not None:
        raise exception


class HistoryEntry(renpy.object.Object):
    """
    Instances of this object are used to represent history entries in
    _history_list.
    """

    # See ADVCharacter.add_history for the fields.

    multiple = None
    who = None
    what = None

    def __eq__(self, other):
        if isinstance(other, type(self)):
            return self.__dict__ == other.__dict__
        else:
            return False

    def __hash__(self):
        return hash(tuple(sorted(self.__dict__.items())))

    def __repr__(self):
        return "<History {!r} {!r}>".format(self.who, self.what)


# This is used to flag values that haven't been set by the user.
NotSet = renpy.object.Sentinel("NotSet")

# The number of multiple characters we've seen during the current
# interaction.
multiple_count = 0


class ADVCharacter(object):
    """
    The character object contains information about a character. When
    passed as the first argument to a say statement, it can control
    the name that is displayed to the user, and the style of the label
    showing the name, the text of the dialogue, and the window
    containing both the label and the dialogue.
    """

    # Properties beginning with what or window that are treated
    # specially.
    special_properties = [
        "what_prefix",
        "what_suffix",
        "who_prefix",
        "who_suffix",
        "show_function",
    ]

    voice_tag = None
    properties = {}

    _statement_name = None

    # When adding a new argument here, remember to add it to copy below.
    def __init__(self, name=NotSet, kind=None, **properties):  # type: (str|None|renpy.object.Sentinel, Literal[False]|None|ADVCharacter, Any) -> None
        if kind is None:
            kind = renpy.store.adv

        if name is not NotSet:
            properties["name"] = name

        # This grabs a value out of properties, and then grabs it out of
        # kind if it's not set.
        def v(n):
            if n in properties:
                return properties.pop(n)
            else:
                return getattr(kind, n)

        # Similar, but it grabs the value out of kind.display_args instead.
        def d(n):  # type (str) -> Any
            if n in properties:
                return properties.pop(n)
            else:
                return kind.display_args[n]  # type: ignore

        self.name = v("name")
        self.who_prefix = v("who_prefix")
        self.who_suffix = v("who_suffix")
        self.what_prefix = v("what_prefix")
        self.what_suffix = v("what_suffix")

        self.show_function = v("show_function")
        self.predict_function = v("predict_function")

        self.condition = v("condition")
        self.dynamic = v("dynamic")
        self.screen = v("screen")
        self.mode = v("mode")

        self.voice_tag = v("voice_tag")

        if renpy.config.new_character_image_argument:
            if "image" in properties:
                self.image_tag = properties.pop("image")
            else:
                self.image_tag = kind.image_tag  # type: ignore
        else:
            self.image_tag = None

        self.display_args = dict(
            interact=d("interact"),
            slow=d("slow"),
            afm=d("afm"),
            ctc=renpy.easy.displayable_or_none(d("ctc")),
            ctc_pause=renpy.easy.displayable_or_none(d("ctc_pause")),
            ctc_timedpause=renpy.easy.displayable_or_none(d("ctc_timedpause")),
            ctc_position=d("ctc_position"),
            all_at_once=d("all_at_once"),
            with_none=d("with_none"),
            callback=d("callback"),
            type=d("type"),
            advance=d("advance"),
            retain=d("retain"),
        )

        self._statement_name = properties.pop("statement_name", None)

        self.properties = collections.defaultdict(dict)

        if kind:
            self.who_args = kind.who_args.copy()
            self.what_args = kind.what_args.copy()
            self.window_args = kind.window_args.copy()
            self.show_args = kind.show_args.copy()
            self.cb_args = kind.cb_args.copy()

            for k, val in kind.properties.items():
                self.properties[k] = dict(val)

        else:
            self.who_args = {"substitute": False}
            self.what_args = {"substitute": False}
            self.window_args = {}
            self.show_args = {}
            self.cb_args = {}

        if not renpy.config.new_character_image_argument:
            if "image" in properties:
                self.show_args["image"] = properties.pop("image")

        if "slow_abortable" in properties:
            self.what_args["slow_abortable"] = properties.pop("slow_abortable")

        prefixes = ["show", "cb", "what", "window", "who"] + renpy.config.character_id_prefixes
        split_args = [i + "_" for i in prefixes] + [""]

        split = renpy.easy.split_properties(properties, *split_args)

        for prefix, dictionary in zip(prefixes, split):
            self.properties[prefix].update(dictionary)

        self.properties["who"].update(split[-1])

        self.show_args.update(self.properties.pop("show"))
        self.cb_args.update(self.properties.pop("cb"))
        self.what_args.update(self.properties.pop("what"))
        self.window_args.update(self.properties.pop("window"))
        self.who_args.update(self.properties.pop("who"))

    def copy(self, name=NotSet, **properties):
        return type(self)(name, kind=self, **properties)

    # This is called before the interaction.
    def do_add(self, who, what, multiple=None):
        return

    # This is what shows the screen for a given interaction.

    def get_show_properties(self, extra_properties):
        """
        This merges a potentially empty dict of extra properties in with
        show_function.
        """

        screen = self.screen
        show_args = self.show_args
        who_args = self.who_args
        what_args = self.what_args
        window_args = self.window_args
        properties = self.properties

        if extra_properties:
            screen = extra_properties.pop("screen", screen)

            show_args = show_args.copy()
            who_args = who_args.copy()
            what_args = what_args.copy()
            window_args = window_args.copy()

            properties = collections.defaultdict(dict)

            for k, v in self.properties.items():
                properties[k] = v.copy()

            prefixes = ["show", "cb", "what", "window", "who"] + renpy.config.character_id_prefixes
            split_args = [i + "_" for i in prefixes] + [""]

            split = renpy.easy.split_properties(extra_properties, *split_args)

            for prefix, dictionary in zip(prefixes, split):
                properties[prefix].update(dictionary)

            properties["who"].update(split[-1])

            show_args.update(properties.pop("show"))
            who_args.update(properties.pop("who"))
            what_args.update(properties.pop("what"))
            window_args.update(properties.pop("window"))

        return screen, show_args, who_args, what_args, window_args, properties

    def do_show(self, who, what, multiple=None, extra_properties=None, retain=None):
        screen, show_args, who_args, what_args, window_args, properties = self.get_show_properties(extra_properties)

        show_args = dict(show_args)

        if multiple is not None:
            show_args["multiple"] = multiple

        if retain:
            show_args["retain"] = retain

        return self.show_function(
            who,
            what,
            who_args=who_args,
            what_args=what_args,
            window_args=window_args,
            screen=screen,
            properties=properties,
            **show_args,
        )

    # This is called after the last interaction is done.
    def do_done(self, who, what, multiple=None):
        self.add_history("adv", who, what, multiple=multiple)

    # This is called when an extend occurs, before the usual add/show
    # cycel.
    def do_extend(self):
        self.pop_history()

    # This is called to actually do the displaying.
    def do_display(self, who, what, **display_args):
        display_say(who, what, self.do_show, **display_args)

    # This is called to predict images that will be used by this
    # statement.
    def do_predict(self, who, what, extra_properties=None):
        screen, show_args, who_args, what_args, window_args, properties = self.get_show_properties(extra_properties)

        return self.predict_function(
            who,
            what,
            who_args=who_args,
            what_args=what_args,
            window_args=window_args,
            screen=screen,
            properties=properties,
            **show_args,
        )

    def resolve_say_attributes(self, predict, attrs):
        """
        Deals with image attributes associated with the current say
        statement. Returns True if an image is shown, None otherwise.
        """

        if not attrs:
            return

        if not self.image_tag:
            if attrs and not predict:
                raise Exception(
                    "Say has image attributes %r, but there's no image tag associated with the speaking character."
                    % (attrs,)
                )
            else:
                return

        if attrs is None:
            attrs = ()
        else:
            attrs = tuple(attrs)

        tagged_attrs = (self.image_tag,) + attrs
        images = renpy.game.context().images

        layer = renpy.exports.default_layer(None, self.image_tag)

        # If image is showing already, resolve it, then show or predict it.
        if images.showing(layer, (self.image_tag,)):
            new_image = images.apply_attributes(layer, self.image_tag, tagged_attrs)

            if new_image is None:
                new_image = tagged_attrs

            if images.showing(layer, new_image, exact=True):
                return

            show_image = (self.image_tag,) + attrs

            if predict:
                renpy.exports.predict_show(new_image)
            else:
                renpy.exports.show(show_image)
                return True

        else:
            if renpy.config.say_attributes_use_side_image:
                tagged_attrs = (renpy.config.side_image_prefix_tag,) + tagged_attrs

                new_image = images.apply_attributes(layer, self.image_tag, tagged_attrs)

                if new_image is None:
                    new_image = tagged_attrs

                images.predict_show(layer, new_image[1:], show=False)

            else:
                # Otherwise, just record the attributes of the image.
                images.predict_show(layer, tagged_attrs, show=False)

    def handle_say_attributes(self, predicting, interact):
        attrs = renpy.game.context().say_attributes
        renpy.game.context().say_attributes = None

        temporary_attrs = renpy.game.context().temporary_attributes
        renpy.game.context().temporary_attributes = None

        if interact:
            if temporary_attrs:
                temporary_attrs = list(temporary_attrs)
            else:
                temporary_attrs = []

            # Prepend speaking_attribute, if present. This allows it to
            # be suppressed by a negative temporary_attr, if desired.
            if renpy.config.speaking_attribute is not None:
                temporary_attrs.insert(0, renpy.config.speaking_attribute)

        images = renpy.game.context().images
        before = images.get_attributes(None, self.image_tag)
        mode = None

        if self.resolve_say_attributes(predicting, attrs):
            mode = "permanent"

        # This is so late to give resolve_say_attributes time to do some
        # error handling.
        if not self.image_tag:
            return None

        if temporary_attrs:
            attrs = images.get_attributes(None, self.image_tag)

            if self.resolve_say_attributes(predicting, temporary_attrs):
                mode = "both" if mode else "temporary"

        if mode:
            after = images.get_attributes(None, self.image_tag)
            self.handle_say_transition(mode, before, after)

        if temporary_attrs:
            return (attrs, images)

    def handle_say_transition(self, mode, before, after):
        before = set(before)
        after = set(after)

        if before == after:
            return

        if renpy.config.say_attribute_transition_callback_attrs:
            delta = (before, after)
        else:
            delta = ()

        trans, layer = renpy.config.say_attribute_transition_callback(self.image_tag, mode, *delta)
        if trans is not None:
            if layer is None:
                renpy.exports.with_statement(trans)
            else:
                renpy.exports.transition(trans, layer=layer)

    def restore_say_attributes(self, predicting, state, interact):
        if state is None:
            return

        attrs, images = state

        if not self.image_tag:
            return

        # This is False when the context changes.
        if images is not renpy.game.context().images:
            return

        current_attrs = images.get_attributes(None, self.image_tag)

        if attrs == current_attrs:
            return

        image_with_attrs = (self.image_tag,) + attrs + tuple("-" + i for i in current_attrs if i not in attrs)

        if images.showing(None, (self.image_tag,)):
            if not predicting:
                renpy.exports.show(image_with_attrs)
                return True
            else:
                renpy.exports.predict_show(image_with_attrs)

        else:
            images.predict_show(None, image_with_attrs, show=False)

    def __str__(self):
        who = self.name

        if self.dynamic:
            if callable(who):
                who = who()
            else:
                who = renpy.python.py_eval(who)

        rv = renpy.substitutions.substitute(who)[0]

        return rv

    def __format__(self, spec):
        return format(str(self), spec)

    def __repr__(self):
        return "<Character: {!r}>".format(self.name)

    def empty_window(self, multiple=None):
        if (
            renpy.config.fast_empty_window
            and (self.name is None)
            and not (self.what_prefix or self.what_suffix)
            and (multiple is None)
        ):
            self.do_show(None, "")
            return

        if multiple:
            for i in range(multiple):
                self("", interact=False, _call_done=False, multiple=multiple)
        else:
            self("", interact=False, _call_done=False)

    def has_character_arguments(self, **kwargs):
        """
        Returns True if `kwargs` contains any keyword arguments that will
        cause the creation of a new Character object and the proxying of a
        call to that Character object, and False otherwise.
        """

        safe_kwargs_keys = {"interact", "_mode", "_call_done", "multiple", "_with_none"}

        for i in kwargs:
            if i not in safe_kwargs_keys:
                return False

        return True

    def prefix_suffix(self, thing, prefix, body, suffix):
        def sub(s, scope=None, force=False, translate=True):
            return renpy.substitutions.substitute(s, scope=scope, force=force, translate=translate)[0]

        thingvar_quoted = "[[" + thing + "]"
        thingvar = "[" + thing + "]"

        if not renpy.config.new_substitutions:
            return prefix + body + suffix

        # Used before Ren'Py 7.4.
        elif renpy.config.who_what_sub_compat == 0:
            pattern = sub(prefix + thingvar_quoted + suffix)
            return pattern.replace(thingvar, sub(body))

        # Used from Ren'Py 7.4 to Ren'Py 7.4.4
        elif renpy.config.who_what_sub_compat == 1:
            pattern = sub(sub(prefix) + thingvar_quoted + sub(suffix))
            return pattern.replace(thingvar, sub(body))

        # 7.4.5 on.
        else:
            if thing == "what":
                return sub(prefix) + sub(body, translate=not renpy.game.context().translated) + sub(suffix)
            else:
                return sub(prefix) + sub(body) + sub(suffix)

    def __call__(self, what, interact=True, _call_done=True, multiple=None, **kwargs):
        _mode = kwargs.pop("_mode", None)
        _with_none = kwargs.pop("_with_none", None)

        if kwargs:
            return Character(kind=self, **kwargs)(
                what, interact=interact, _call_done=_call_done, multiple=multiple, _mode=_mode, _with_none=_with_none
            )

        # Check self.condition to see if we should show this line at all.
        if not (self.condition is None or renpy.python.py_eval(self.condition)):
            return True

        if not isinstance(what, str):
            raise Exception(f"Character expects its what argument to be a string, got {what!r}.")

        if renpy.store._side_image_attributes_reset:
            renpy.store._side_image_attributes = None
            renpy.store._side_image_attributes_reset = False

        # Figure out multiple and final. Multiple is None if this is not a multiple
        # dialogue, or a step and the total number of steps in a multiple interaction.

        global multiple_count

        if multiple is None:
            multiple_count = 0

        else:
            multiple_count += 1
            multiple = (multiple_count, multiple)

            if multiple_count == multiple[1]:
                multiple_count = 0

        old_attr_state = self.handle_say_attributes(False, interact)

        if multiple is None:
            old_side_image_attributes = renpy.store._side_image_attributes

            if self.image_tag:
                attrs = (self.image_tag,) + renpy.game.context().images.get_attributes(None, self.image_tag)
            else:
                attrs = None

            renpy.store._side_image_attributes = attrs

            if not interact:
                renpy.store._side_image_attributes_reset = True

        if renpy.config.voice_tag_callback is not None:
            renpy.config.voice_tag_callback(self.voice_tag)

        try:
            if interact:
                mode = _mode or self.mode
                renpy.exports.mode(mode)
            else:
                renpy.game.context().deferred_translate_identifier = renpy.game.context().translate_identifier

            # Figure out the arguments to display.
            display_args = self.display_args.copy()  # type: Any
            display_args["interact"] = display_args["interact"] and interact

            if multiple is not None:
                display_args["multiple"] = multiple

            if _with_none is not None:
                display_args["with_none"] = _with_none

            who = self.name

            # If dynamic is set, evaluate the name expression.
            if self.dynamic:
                if callable(who):
                    who = who()
                else:
                    who = renpy.python.py_eval(who)

            if who is not None:
                who = self.prefix_suffix("who", self.who_prefix, who, self.who_suffix)

            what = self.prefix_suffix("what", self.what_prefix, what, self.what_suffix)

            # Run the add_function, to add this character to the
            # things like NVL-mode.

            if multiple is not None:
                self.do_add(who, what, multiple=multiple)
            else:
                self.do_add(who, what)

            dtt = DialogueTextTags(what)

            if renpy.config.history_current_dialogue:
                self.add_history("current", who, what, multiple=multiple)

            self.do_display(who, what, cb_args=self.cb_args, dtt=dtt, **display_args)

            if renpy.config.history_current_dialogue:
                self.pop_history()

            # Indicate that we're done.
            if _call_done and not dtt.has_done:
                if multiple is not None:
                    self.do_done(who, what, multiple=multiple)
                else:
                    self.do_done(who, what)

                # Finally, log this line of dialogue.
                if who and isinstance(who, str):
                    renpy.exports.log(who)

                renpy.exports.log(what)
                renpy.exports.log("")

        finally:
            if (multiple is None) and interact:
                renpy.store._side_image_attributes = old_side_image_attributes  # type: ignore

            if old_attr_state is not None:  # type: ignore
                _, images = old_attr_state  # type: ignore
                before = images.get_attributes(None, self.image_tag)

            if self.restore_say_attributes(False, old_attr_state, interact):  # type: ignore
                after = images.get_attributes(None, self.image_tag)  # type: ignore
                self.handle_say_transition("restore", before, after)  # type: ignore

    def statement_name(self):
        if not (self.condition is None or renpy.python.py_eval(self.condition)):
            return "say-condition-false"
        elif self._statement_name is not None:
            return self._statement_name
        else:
            return "say"

    def predict(self, what):
        old_attr_state = self.handle_say_attributes(True, True)

        old_side_image_attributes = renpy.store._side_image_attributes

        if self.image_tag:
            attrs = (self.image_tag,) + renpy.game.context().images.get_attributes("master", self.image_tag)
        else:
            attrs = None

        renpy.store._side_image_attributes = attrs

        if self.voice_tag and renpy.config.auto_voice_predict_callback:
            renpy.config.auto_voice_predict_callback(self.voice_tag)

        try:
            if self.dynamic:
                who = "<Dynamic>"
            else:
                who = self.name

            return self.do_predict(who, what)

        finally:
            renpy.store._side_image_attributes = old_side_image_attributes
            self.restore_say_attributes(True, old_attr_state, True)

    def will_interact(self):
        if not (self.condition is None or renpy.python.py_eval(self.condition)):
            return False

        return self.display_args["interact"]

    def add_history(self, kind, who, what, multiple=None, **kwargs):
        """
        This is intended to be called by subclasses of ADVCharacter to add
        History entries to _history_list.
        """

        history_length = renpy.config.history_length

        if history_length is None:
            return

        if not renpy.store._history:  # type: ignore
            return

        history = renpy.store._history_list  # type: ignore

        h = HistoryEntry()

        h.kind = kind  # type: ignore

        h.who = who
        h.what = what

        h.who_args = self.who_args  # type: ignore
        h.what_args = self.what_args  # type: ignore
        h.window_args = self.window_args  # type: ignore
        h.show_args = self.show_args  # type: ignore

        h.image_tag = self.image_tag  # type: ignore

        h.multiple = multiple

        if renpy.game.context().rollback:
            h.rollback_identifier = renpy.game.log.current.identifier  # type: ignore
        else:
            h.rollback_identifier = None  # type: ignore

        for k, v in kwargs.items():
            setattr(h, k, v)

        for i in renpy.config.history_callbacks:
            i(h)

        history.append(h)

        while len(history) > history_length:
            history.pop(0)

    def pop_history(self):
        """
        This is intended to be called by do_extend to remove entries from
        _history_list.
        """

        history_length = renpy.config.history_length

        if history_length is None:
            return

        if not renpy.store._history:  # type: ignore
            return

        # The history can be reset at any time, so check that we have some.
        if renpy.store._history_list:  # type: ignore
            renpy.store._history_list.pop()  # type: ignore


def Character(name=NotSet, kind=None, **properties):
    """
    :doc: character
    :args: (name=..., kind=adv, **args)
    :name: Character

    Creates and returns a Character object, which controls the look
    and feel of dialogue and narration.

    `name`
        If a string, the name of the character for dialogue. When
        `name` is None, display of the name is omitted, as for
        narration. If no name is given, the name is taken from
        `kind`, and otherwise defaults to None.

    `kind`
        The Character to base this Character off of. When used, the
        default value of any argument not supplied to this Character
        is the value of that argument supplied to ``kind``. This can
        be used to define a template character, and then copy that
        character with changes.

        This can also be a namespace, in which case the 'character'
        variable in the namespace is used as the kind.

    **Linked Image.**
    An image tag may be associated with a Character. This allows a
    say statement involving this character to display an image with
    the tag, and also allows Ren'Py to automatically select a side
    image to show when this character speaks.

    `image`
         A string giving the image tag that is linked with this
         character.

    **Voice Tag.**
    If a voice tag is assigned to a Character, the voice files that are
    associated with it, can be muted or played in the preference
    screen.

    `voice_tag`
        A String that enables the voice file associated with the
        Character to be muted or played in the 'voice' channel.

    **Prefixes and Suffixes.**
    These allow a prefix and suffix to be applied to the name of the
    character, and to the text being shown. This can be used, for
    example, to add quotes before and after each line of dialogue.

    `what_prefix`
        A string that is prepended to the dialogue being spoken before
        it is shown.

    `what_suffix`
        A string that is appended to the dialogue being spoken before
        it is shown.

    `who_prefix`
        A string that is prepended to the name of the character before
        it is shown.

    `who_suffix`
        A string that is appended to the name of the character before
        it is shown.

    **Changing Name Display.**
    These options help to control the display of the name.

    `dynamic`
        If true, then `name` should either be a string containing a Python
        expression, a function, or a callable object. If it's a string,
        That string will be evaluated before each line of dialogue, and
        the result used as the name of the character. Otherwise, the
        function or callable object will be called with no arguments
        before each line of dialogue, and the return value of the call will
        be used as the name of the character.

    **Controlling Interactions.**
    These options control if the dialogue is displayed, if an
    interaction occurs, and the mode that is entered upon display.

    `condition`
        If given, this should be a string containing a Python
        expression. If the expression is false, the dialogue
        does not occur, as if the say statement did not happen.

    `interact`
        If true, the default, an interaction occurs whenever the
        dialogue is shown. If false, an interaction will not occur,
        and additional elements can be added to the screen.

    `advance`
        If true, the default, the player can click to advance through
        the statement, and other means of advancing (such as skip and
        auto-forward mode) will also work. If false, the player will be
        unable to move past the say statement unless an alternate means
        (such as a jump hyperlink or screen) is provided.

    `callback`
        A function that is called when events occur while the
        character is speaking. See the section on
        :ref:`character-callbacks` for more information.

    **Click-to-continue.**
    A click-to-continue indicator is displayed once all the text has
    finished displaying, to prompt the user to advance.

    `ctc`
        A displayable to use as the click-to-continue indicator, unless
        a more specific indicator is used.

    `ctc_pause`
        A displayable to use a the click-to-continue indicator when the
        display of text is paused by the {p} or {w} text tags.

    `ctc_timedpause`
        A displayable to use a the click-to-continue indicator when the
        display of text is paused by the {p=} or {w=} text tags. When
        None, this takes its default from `ctc_pause`, use ``Null()``
        when you want a `ctc_pause` but no `ctc_timedpause`.

    `ctc_position`
        Controls the location of the click-to-continue indicator.
        This can be:

        "nestled"
            The indicator is displayed as part of the text
            being shown, immediately after the last character.

        "nestled-close"
            Similar to ``"nestled"``, but a break is not allowed between
            the text and the CTC indicator.

        "fixed"
            If a screen named "ctc" exists, it is shown. Otherwise, the CTC
            displayable is show, and the position style properties of the CTC
            displayable are used to position the CTC indicator.

        "screen-variable"
            When given, the variable named "ctc" is set to the CTC displayable
            when the CTC indicator should be show. This can be used with the
            following screen language::

                default ctc = None
                showif ctc:
                    add ctc

    **Screens.**
    The display of dialogue uses a :ref:`screen <screens>`. These arguments
    allow you to select that screen, and to provide arguments to it.

    `screen`
        The name of the screen that is used to display the dialogue.

    `retain`
        If not true, an unused tag is generated for each line of dialogue,
        and the screens are shown non-transiently. Call :func:`renpy.clear_retain`
        to remove all retained screens. This is almost always used with
        :doc:`bubble`.

    Keyword arguments beginning with ``show_`` have the prefix
    stripped off, and are passed to the screen as arguments. For
    example, the value of ``show_myflag`` will become the value of
    the ``myflag`` variable in the screen. (The ``myflag`` variable isn't
    used by default, but can be used by a custom say screen.)

    One show variable is, for historical reasons, handled by Ren'Py itself:

    `show_layer`
        If given, this should be a string giving the name of the layer
        to show the say screen on.

    **Styling Text and Windows.**
    Keyword arguments beginning with ``who_``, ``what_``, and
    ``window_`` have their prefix stripped, and are used to :doc:`style
    <style>` the character name, the spoken text, and the window
    containing both, respectively.

    For example, if a character is given the keyword argument
    ``who_color="#c8ffc8"``, the color of the character's name is
    changed, in this case to green. ``window_background="frame.png"``
    sets the background of the window containing this character's
    dialogue.

    The style applied to the character name, spoken text, and window
    can also be set this way, using the ``who_style``, ``what_style``, and
    ``window_style`` arguments, respectively.

    Setting :var:`config.character_id_prefixes` makes it possible to style
    other displayables as well. For example, when the default GUI is used,
    styles prefixed with ``namebox_`` are used to style the name of the
    speaking character.
    """

    if kind is None:
        kind = renpy.store.adv

    kind = getattr(kind, "character", kind)

    return type(kind)(name, kind=kind, **properties)


def DynamicCharacter(name_expr, **properties):
    return Character(name_expr, dynamic=True, **properties)
